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The core of IoT is the data you can draw from things and transmit over the internet. To optimize the farming process, IoT devices installed on a farm should collect and process data in a repetitive cycle that enables farmers to react quickly to emerging issues and changes in ambient conditions. Smart farming follows a cycle similar to this one:
1. Observation . Sensors record observational data from the crops, livestock, soil, or atmosphere. 
2. Diagnostics. The sensor values are fed to a cloud-hosted IoT platform with predefined decision rules and models—also called "business logic"—that ascertain the condition of the examined object and identify any deficiencies or needs.
3. Decisions . The user and/or the machine learning-driven components of the IoT platform assess the revealed issues to decide if location-specific treatment is necessary.
4. Action . After end-user evaluation and action, the cycle repeats from the beginning.

What is the #iteachmsu Commons? 

 
 

Welcome to the #iteachmsu Commons
You teach MSU. We, the Academic Advancement Network, The Graduate School, and The Hub for Innovation in Learning and Technology, believe that a wide educator community (faculty, TAs, ULAs, instructional designers, academic advisors, et al.) makes learning happen across MSU. But, on such a large campus, it can be difficult to fully recognize and leverage this community’s teaching and learning innovations. To address this challenge, the #iteachmsu Commons provides an educator-driven space for sharing teaching resources, connecting across educator networks, and growing teaching practice.

#iteachmsu Commons content may be discipline-specific or transdisciplinary, but will always be anchored in teaching competency areas. You will find short posts, blog-like articles, curated playlists, and a campus-wide teaching and learning events calendar. We cultivate this commons across spaces. And through your engagement, we will continue to nurture a culture of teaching and learning across MSU and beyond. 
How to login
To begin creating content of your own on the #iteachmsu Commons, simply click the green Login button in the upper right hand corner of the screen. Your account will automatically be provisioned after successfully logging into the MSU Net ID login prompt. Currently, only authenticated MSU faculty, staff and students can create content on the #iteachmsu Commons. However, external users are free to browse and share public facing content without logging into the site.
 
 

 
Where to start
If you are looking for brief instructive videos on the core functionality of the site, take a look at our Getting Started playlist. After viewing each one of the video tutorials on the playlist, you will receive a Contributor badge which will display on your profile 
 
What Are the #iteachmsu Commons Policies?
Part of the mission of the #iteachmsu Commons is to provide space for sharing, reflecting, and learning for all educators on our campus wherever they are in their teaching development. The commons is designed to encourage these types of interactions and reflect policies outlined by the MSU Faculty Senate.  We maintain the right to remove any post that violates guidelines as outlined here and by MSU. To maintain a useful and safer commons, we ask that you:
 
Follow the MSU Guidelines for Social Media.
Engage across the #iteachmsu commons in a civil and respectful manner. Content may be moderated in accordance with the MSU Guidelines for Social Media.Do not share private or confidential information via shared content on the #iteachmsu Commons.
 
Content posted on the #iteachmsu Commons is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. Learn more about this licensing here. Posted comments, images, etc. on the #iteachmsu Commons do not necessarily represent the views of Michigan State University or the #iteachmsu Commons Team. Links to external, non-#iteachmsu Commons content do not constitute official endorsement by, or necessarily represent the views of, the #iteachmsu Commons or Michigan State University.
 
Other important policies:

MSU's Web Accessibility Statement
MSU's Privacy Statement

What if I Have #iteachmsu Commons Questions and/or Feedback?
If you have any concerns about #iteachmsu Commons content, please email us at iteach@msu.edu. We welcome all feedback and thank you for your help in promoting a safer, vibrant and respectful community.
 



 

Stay up to date with the #iteachmsu Digest
 

API testing is a procedure developers use to evaluate APIs' functionality, efficacy, and security. Before releasing their software, the results of API testing will inform developers if problem fixes and patches are required. They accomplish this through a simulation that entails sending queries that would reach the API when it is accessible to its users, regardless of whether it is authentic. They observe the API to determine how it will react to this volume of queries. If the results are positive, integrating the API is secure. If not, they will be required to fix it.

Direct interaction:
API tests send requests directly to API endpoints and analyze the responses to ensure they meet expected outcomes.This involves checking status codes, response times, and the structure and content of the data returned.








Focus on business logic:
API testing primarily validates the underlying business rules and data flow within an application, independent of the user interface.








Early defect detection:
By testing APIs early in the development lifecycle, issues can be identified and resolved before they become more complex and costly to fix in later stages.








Automation potential:
API tests are highly automatable, allowing for frequent and efficient execution, which is crucial for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines.








Types of API tests:
This can include functional testing (verifying core functionality), performance testing (measuring response times under load), security testing (identifying vulnerabilities), and integration testing (ensuring seamless communication between APIs and external services).



 

 
Edited: Core Functions of MIS:







Data Collection:
MIS systems gather data from various sources, both internal and external to the organization. 



 













Data Processing:
Collected data is processed, analyzed, and transformed into meaningful information through various techniques. 



 












Information Storage:
Processed information is stored in a structured manner for easy access and retrieval. 



 












Information Dissemination:
The system distributes relevant information to the appropriate users in a timely manner. 



 












Decision Support:
MIS provides the information needed by managers to make informed decisions, solve problems, and plan for the future. 



 











Key Components of MIS:




Hardware: The physical components of the system, such as computers, servers, and networks. 



 




Software: The applications and programs used to process and analyze data. 



 




People: Individuals who operate and maintain the system and utilize the information it provides. 



 




Procedures: The established rules and processes for using the system. 



 




Data: The raw facts and figures collected and processed by the system.